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Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy
The mission of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy Division (NNPD) is to promote the peaceful use of nuclear technology while simultaneously preventing the diversion and misuse of nuclear material and technology through appropriate safeguards and security, and promotion of nuclear nonproliferation policies. To achieve this mission, the objectives of the NNPD are to: Promote policy that discourages the proliferation of nuclear technology and material to inappropriate entities. Provide information to ANS members, the technical community at large, opinion leaders, and decision makers to improve their understanding of nuclear nonproliferation issues. Become a recognized technical resource on nuclear nonproliferation, safeguards, and security issues. Serve as the integration and coordination body for nuclear nonproliferation activities for the ANS. Work cooperatively with other ANS divisions to achieve these objective nonproliferation policies.
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
W. S. Yu, O. E. Dwyer
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 27 | Number 1 | January 1967 | Pages 1-9
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE67-A18036
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An analytical study was carried out to determine the effects of eccentricity on both local and average heat-transfer coefficients for turbulent flow of liquid metals through eccentric annuli. The study was based on the conditions of 1) heat transfer from the inner wall only, 2) heat flux, at a given circumferential angle, independent of length, 3) inner-wall temperature, at a given axial position, independent of circumferential angle, and 4) fully developed velocity and temperature profiles. This study is a sequel to an earlier one, which described a similar case, except that the heat flux in that case %as uniform in all directions. The scopes of the two studies were identical, as far as parameter ranges are concerned. In general, the effects of eccentricity were found to be much less in the present case. For a given radius ratio r2/r1, and a given eccentricity, the circumferential variation of the local heat-transfer coefficient and the reduction in the average heat-transfer coefficient were both much less. Moreover, the reduction in the average heat-transfer coefficient, caused by a given degree of eccentricity, was found to be only slightly dependent on the radius ratio, in the present study. This is also in sharp contrast with the results of the previous study. It was further found that circumferential variation of the normalized local heat flux q/q̄, and, therefore, that of the normalized local heat-transfer coefficient also, remained the same over the large range of Peclet numbers investigated, for a given radius ratio and a given degree of eccentricity.