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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
N. Spinks
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 30 | Number 2 | November 1967 | Pages 176-181
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE67-A17328
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Epithermal absorption by control rods in nuclear reactors is taken into account by replacing the black-grey-transparent rod by a black-transparent model. The lethargy boundary, in the model, is determined for 1/ν absorbers by the prescription that, at the boundary, half the incident partial current is absorbed by the rod. Application of the model to space-independent spectrum calculations improves the calculation to the extent that, provided the black-transparent boundary is the boundary between the groups, two-group methods can be used for control rods in bare reactors. For control rods in reflected reactors, three groups are indicated. Calculations are presented to demonstrate the accuracies of the black-transparent model and the small number of neutron energy groups.