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The predawn darkness on a cool Florida night was shattered by the ignition of nine Merlin engines on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. The thrust of the engines shook the ground miles away. From a distance, the rocket appeared to slowly rise above the horizon. For the cargo onboard, the launch was anything but gentle, as the ignition of liquid oxygen generated more than 1.5 million pounds of force. After the rocket had been out of sight for several minutes, the booster dramatically returned to Earth with several sonic booms in a captivating show of engineering designed to make space travel less expensive and more sustainable.
R. N. Hwang
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 96 | Number 3 | July 1987 | Pages 192-209
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE87-A16381
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A rigorous method for representing the multilevel cross sections and its practical applications are described. It is a generalization of the rationale suggested by de Saussure and Perez for the s-wave resonances. The rationale can be interpreted as the natural consequences of the important physical condition that the collision matrices must be single valued and meromorphic in momentum space. Thus, the latter can be rigorously represented by rational functions with simple poles in √E domain for all states. Such representation is especially attractive when it is used in conjunction with the applications of the R-matrix parameters and the subsequent Doppler broadening using Solbrig’s kernel. A computer code WHOPPER has been developed to convert the Reich-Moore parameters into the pole and residue parameters in momentum space. Sample calculations have been carried out to illustrate that the proposed method preserves the rigor of the Reich-Moore cross sections exactly. An analytical method has been developed to evaluate the pertinent Doppler-broadened line shape functions. Since the principal parts of these functions are identical to the widely used ψ and χ functions when applied to the energy region above 1 eV, the method is readily amenable to many existing processing codes. A discussion is presented on how to minimize the number of pole parameters so that the existing reactor codes can be best utilized.