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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Takeshi Kase, Akira Yamadera, Takashi Nakamura, Seiichi Shibata, Ichiro Fujiwara
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 111 | Number 4 | August 1992 | Pages 368-378
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE92-A15484
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
As a basic study of photonuclear transmutation of actinides in high-level radioactive wastes using electron-produced bremsstrahlung, the absolute yields of cumulative mass distributions and the transmutation rates of235U, 238U, 237Np, and 239Pu by photofission reactions induced by 20-, 30-, and 60-MeV bremsstrahlung were measured. The results of mass yield distributions and transmutation yields agree well with other experimental results and those calculated using photofission cross sections, respectively. The transmutation efficiency per electron increases about one order of magnitude with electron energy from 20 to 60 MeV.
