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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Yigal Ronen, Dror Regev
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 66 | Number 1 | April 1978 | Pages 124-127
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/NSE78-A15196
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The upper bound estimation method is applied for estimating perturbations in reactor theory calculations. The results of this method are numerically compared with the regular first-order perturbation theory. It is concluded from the comparison that first-order perturbation in the integral formalism gives the best estimate for the changes in eigen-values. For those cases in which first-order perturbation yields low estimates, it is possible to obtain lower and upper bounds by applying both methods. A discussion of the possibility of obtaining a rough estimation to a perturbation without knowing the unperturbed regular and adjoint fluxes is presented and demonstrated with a numerical example.