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Robotics & Remote Systems
The Mission of the Robotics and Remote Systems Division is to promote the development and application of immersive simulation, robotics, and remote systems for hazardous environments for the purpose of reducing hazardous exposure to individuals, reducing environmental hazards and reducing the cost of performing work.
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Conference on Nuclear Training and Education: A Biennial International Forum (CONTE 2025)
February 3–6, 2025
Amelia Island, FL|Omni Amelia Island Resort
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A more open future for nuclear research
A growing number of institutional, national, and funder mandates are requiring researchers to make their published work immediately publicly accessible, through either open repositories or open access (OA) publications. In addition, both private and public funders are developing policies, such as those from the Office of Science and Technology Policy and the European Commission, that ask researchers to make publicly available at the time of publication as much of their underlying data and other materials as possible. These, combined with movement in the scientific community toward embracing open science principles (seen, for example, in the dramatic rise of preprint servers like arXiv), demonstrate a need for a different kind of publishing outlet.
William Kuan, Mohamed A. Abdou
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 35 | Number 3 | May 1999 | Pages 309-353
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A84
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Accurately estimating the required tritium breeding ratio (TBR) r in fusion reactor systems is necessary to guide fusion research and development and to assess the feasibility of fusion reactors as a self-sufficient energy source. This is especially true when one considers the limits imposed by the present-day breeding performance of breeder blanket candidates. Studies of this subject have been performed in the past, with particular emphasis on developing appropriate dynamic simulations of the fuel cycle. In the last few years, development of new dynamic and integrated fusion fuel cycle tritium computer codes has moved away from general residence-time models and instead incorporated more comprehensive and realistic models. Furthermore, detailed and rigorous computer codes that model the dynamic retention behavior of individual components inside the fuel cycle, in particular the torus plasma-facing components in a tokamak, have been vastly improved with uncertainties identified. A more efficient and intuitive methodology for tritium self-sufficiency analyses is developed based on an analytical scheme that makes use of different types of tritium inventories inside the fuel cycle as calculated from detailed numerical simulations. Short-term and long-term tritium inventories are differentiated as well as tritium lost through waste material. Also, the tritium fuel cycle is split into a number of independent tritium migration paths to aid in the development of an integrated tritium balance for which r or other parameters of interest can be solved analytically. Tritium startup requirements are also examined. An important side benefit derived from using the aforementioned methodology is that the uncertainty in r for a given reactor design can easily be calculated from uncertainty ranges characterizing a number of relevant reactor operation and fuel cycle parameters. Maximum tritium inventory limits were considered from safety and operational standpoints. A wide range of parametric studies were conducted with various scenarios to forecast changes in r when the reactor design is modified. For example, it was determined that with most current estimates of the achievable TBR a, ranging from 1.04 to 1.07, a small design window for both the fuel fractional burnup and the downtime of tritium reprocessing components severely limits any proposals for a reactor operating scenario that will be valid for a reasonably paced fusion growth rate.