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Latest News
First astatine-labeled compound shipped in the U.S.
The Department of Energy’s National Isotope Development Center (NIDC) on March 31 announced the successful long-distance shipment in the United States of a biologically active compound labeled with the medical radioisotope astatine-211 (At-211). Because previous shipments have included only the “bare” isotope, the NIDC has described the development as “unleashing medical innovation.”
B. Unterberg, U. Samm, M. Z. Tokar', A. M. Messiaen, J. Ongena, R. Jaspers
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 47 | Number 2 | February 2005 | Pages 187-201
Technical Paper | TEXTOR: Radiation Cooling and Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST05-A699
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The concept of a cold radiating plasma boundary has been proposed as a solution to the problem of power exhaust in magnetically confined fusion plasmas. We describe experiments to study the impact of the radiating impurities on transport processes in the plasma boundary and the plasma core in the tokamak TEXTOR.The injection of impurities (neon, silicon, or argon) leads to the formation of a radiating plasma boundary where up to 90% of the input power can be distributed to large wall areas, thereby strongly reducing the convective heat flux density onto the plasma-facing components. At high plasma densities the impurity seeding leads to a transition to an improved confinement state termed the radiative improved mode. This operational scenario combines high density and high confinement with power exhaust by radiation under quasi-stationary discharge conditions.The confinement improvement can be explained by a reduction of transport caused by the ion temperature gradient mode. This reduction is initiated by the impurity content and amplified by a characteristic steepening of the density profiles of the background plasma. The extrapolation of the results obtained in TEXTOR, based on experiments in larger devices, is discussed.