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ANS Student Conference 2025
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
M. Ichimura et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 55 | Number 2 | February 2009 | Pages 59-62
Technical Paper | Seventh International Conference on Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST09-A6983
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In the ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating experiments on GAMMA 10, wave-wave and wave-particle interactions are investigated. Low-frequency fluctuations of around 100 kHz with beat frequencies among the AIC modes have been observed. These low-frequency modes are also detected in the signal of electrostatic probes in the central cell and in the signal of end-loss high-energy ion detector. Axial transport (velocity space diffusion) of high-energy ions due to beat waves among the AIC modes is clearly indicated. On the other hand, radial transport of high-energy ions due to the drift-type fluctuations has been observed in the central cell. The excitation of low-frequency magnetic fluctuations of which frequencies, fLF, are less than 1 MHz and satisfy the relation of fLF = fICRF - fAIC, where fICRF is the frequency of the heating ICRF wave and fAIC the frequency of the AIC modes. The parametric decay of the heating ICRF waves to the AIC modes and low-frequency waves will be a possible mechanism.
