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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Gherardo Stoppini
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 34 | Number 1 | August 1998 | Pages 81-85
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST98-A55
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Miley et al. and, independently, Mizuno et al. claim to have observed nuclides produced in Ni (Z = 28) when an electrolytic light-water cell is used. Miley et al. use thin layers of Ni (5 × 10-6 cm) and claim that the effect is reproducible. The secondary nuclides are distributed in a wide range of Z and A and show nuclides with Z < 28 and accumulations at Z = 48 and 78. If the nuclides at Z = 48 and 78 are Ni-Ni fusion, they can be produced only when the original Ni nuclei gain sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the Ni-Ni repulsive Coulomb barrier.The foregoing data are discussed in terms of current physics. In particular, it is assumed that the gain of kinetic energy derives from an impulsive increase of absolute nuclear binding energies of Ni due to a high rate of capture of orbital electrons and consequent almost instantaneous multiple p → n transitions. Under this hypothesis, neutrino emission should be detected during nuclear transmutation.