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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
Hiroshi Tamai, Shinichi Ishida, Gen-Ichi Kurita, Hiroshi Shirai, Katsuhiko Tsuchiya, Shinji Sakurai, Makoto Matsukawa, Akira Sakasai
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 45 | Number 4 | June 2004 | Pages 521-528
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST04-A527
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A 1.5-dimensional time-dependent transport analysis has been carried out to investigate steady-state operation scenarios with a central current hole by off-axis current drive schemes consistent with a high bootstrap current fraction for the JT-60SC large superconducting tokamak. A steady-state operation scenario with HHy2 = 1.4 and N = 3.7 has been obtained at Ip = 1.5 MA, Bt = 2 T, and q95 = 5, where noninductive currents are developed during the discharge to form a current hole with beam-driven currents by tangential off-axis beams in combination with bootstrap currents by additional on-axis perpendicular beams. The bootstrap fraction increases up to ~75% of the plasma current, and the current hole region is enlarged up to ~30% of the minor radius at 35 s from the discharge initiation. The current hole is confirmed to be sustained afterward for a long duration of 60 s. The present transport simulation shows that heating equipment designed for JT-60SC is capable of forming and sustaining the current hole only by using off-axis beam-driven currents and bootstrap currents. The stability analysis shows that the beta limit with the conducting wall can be ~N = 4.5, which is substantially above the no-wall ideal magnetohydrodynamic limit.