ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Division Spotlight
Robotics & Remote Systems
The Mission of the Robotics and Remote Systems Division is to promote the development and application of immersive simulation, robotics, and remote systems for hazardous environments for the purpose of reducing hazardous exposure to individuals, reducing environmental hazards and reducing the cost of performing work.
Meeting Spotlight
2027 ANS Winter Conference and Expo
October 31–November 4, 2027
Washington, DC|The Westin Washington, DC Downtown
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Nov 2024
Jul 2024
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
December 2024
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
November 2024
Latest News
Disney World should have gone nuclear
There is extra significance to the American Nuclear Society holding its annual meeting in Orlando, Florida, this past week. That’s because in 1967, the state of Florida passed a law allowing Disney World to build a nuclear power plant.
E. L. Alfonso, R. Q. Gram, D. R. Harding
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 45 | Number 2 | March 2004 | Pages 218-228
Technical Paper | Target Fabrication | doi.org/10.13182/FST04-A454
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Cooling thin-walled capsules with a high-pressure deuterium fill is a critical phase of operation for providing cryogenic direct-drive targets. During cooling to 20 K, buckling and burst forces develop due to transient thermal gradients, thermal expansion differences in the materials of the capsule and the permeation cell, and changing permeability of the plastic. This article presents the results of both a steady-state and a transient analysis of the pressure differences across the thin-walled capsule during the cooling process. The steady-state contribution to the pressure difference arises from two sources: (1) the different thermal contractions of the materials that comprise the permeation cell and capsule and (2) the room-temperature volume of gas in the line connecting the permeation cell to the isolation valve. The transient analysis considers the pressure differences across the capsule wall that arise from the changing temperature gradients within the gas during the cooling cycle. Both effects have been taken into account to determine an approach that produces fuel-filled, thin-walled cryogenic targets more rapidly. Currently, capsules are slowly cooled at a rate of 0.1 K/min to prevent their destruction. This process requires over 45 h to complete. The results of the present model suggest a faster cooling program that takes into consideration the induced pressure differences, the permeation occurring at higher temperatures, and the strength of the capsule. The time to cool a filled target can be reduced by 25% while maintaining capsule survival.