ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
J. Manuel Perlado, Eduardo Alonso, Kunioki Mima, Sadao Nakai
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 30 | Number 3 | December 1996 | Pages 1304-1308
Power Plant Design and Technology | doi.org/10.13182/FST96-A11963128
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Inertial Fusion Reactor KOYO, proposed by ILE Osaka was completed in its first phase study in 1992, and recent updates including new features have been released up to now. It is based on potentially key achievements in Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) physics: development to achieve required laser efficiency, implosion stability and gain, pellet fabrication, chamber maintenance, engineering feasibilities, and cost of electricity.
Neutron (target) emission profiles are reported assuming direct drive compressed targets (500 g.cm-3), which have been described with different approaches in stationary transport models. A full three-dimensional description of the reactor has been used to perform the neutronic analysis. Neutron spectra and flucnecs are calculated, and compared with previous one-dimensional results showing the differences in using both approaches. Some figures indicating the neutron flux expected through deep penetrations impinging on the final optics are also presented, representing its coincidence at long distances with the uncollided flux.
The reported consequences are those related to the activation of the materials: shallow land burial (SLB) and recycling. Those radiological responses have been studied for the SiC tubes (components of the blanket), graphite (reflector), and ferritic steel HT-9 (structural wall).