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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
S. J. Yoo, H. L. Yang, M. Jung, T. Lho, D. C. Kim, B. J. Lee, J. S. Kim, G. H. Kim
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 43 | Number 1 | January 2003 | Pages 286-288
Diagnostics | doi.org/10.13182/FST03-A11963616
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Two types of neutral beam sources have been developed in order to measure plasma parameters on the Hanbit mirror device. The first source is a diagnostic neutral beam (DNB) which consists of a hydrogen neutral beam with a beam energy of 30 keV and a total beam current of ca. 1 A. The ion temperature profile can be determined by measuring directly the broadening of the Hα line emitted from hydrogen neutrals produced through the charge exchange recombination reaction with the DNB in the plasma. A fibre optic array detector, which works as an ideal notching filter, was developed to filter out the intense Hα line emitted from the cold hydrogen atoms in the plasma edge. The second source is a hyperthermal neutral beam (HNB) which consists of neutral particles with an energy of 1-100 eV. The HNB can be used to measure electron temperature and density profiles in the region between the core and the outer edge. This region cannot be covered either by Thomson scattering or by electrostatic probes. The feasibility of obtaining profiles of electron density and temperature by means of a helium HNB with a collisonal radiative equilibrium code has been performed.
