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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
J.Y. Kim, S.G. Lee, S.S. Kim, W.H. Ko, J.G. Park, B.H. Park, Hogun Jhang H.G. Na, N.S. Yoon, M. Kwon, HANBIT team
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 43 | Number 1 | January 2003 | Pages 157-161
Transport and Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST03-A11963584
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A brief overview is presented on initial study results of plasma transport and confinement in HANBIT mirror device. The parallel confinement is calculated using a generalized Pastukhov's formula, and compared with some experimental estimates. It is shown that the confinement time is less than 1 ms in typical HANBIT discharges. Analysis and simulation study are also presented on HANBIT discharges, particularly, ting to clarify the plasma density jump phenomena, which was observed in HANBIT when the RF frequency ω becomes smaller than the ion cyclotron frequency ωci. It is shown that the jump in plasma density (and beta, as shown from recent measurements) might be explained mainly as due to the increase in the parallel confinement time by the onset of ICRH ion heating at ω < ωci. The long-pulse operation with high-density plasma, even with a small initial fueling, can be also explained as due to the strong wall-recycling by fast neutrals generated from the ICRH heated hot ion at ω< ωci.
