ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Takuya Nagasaka, Takeo Muroga, Motoaki Imamura, Shigeki Tomiyama, Masafumi Sakata
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 39 | Number 2 | March 2001 | Pages 659-663
Fusion Materials | doi.org/10.13182/FST01-A11963314
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
High-purity V-4Cr-4Ti low activation alloy products, such as plates and wires, were fabricated from the NIFS-HEAT-1 ingot with improvements of the conventional manufacturing processes. During fabrication, significant and small increase in hydrogen and oxygen level were observed, respectively. However, these contaminants were released by a heat treatment at 673 K or higher in a vacuum. For the purpose of obtaining an appropriate thermomechanical treatment condition, recrystallization behavior of plate products, which were 6.6, 4.0, 1.9 mm thick, was investigated after cold rolling. It was revealed that annealing at 1273 K for one to two hours provides recrystallized grains of 20-30 μm. Only in the case of 1.9 mm-thick plates which experienced large degree of cross rolling, a layer of finer grain was observed in the vicinity of the surface. The NIFS-HEAT-1 products are going through Round-robin tests by Japanese universities.