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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
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Fusion Science and Technology
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Serhat Cakir, S. Eren San, Vladimir V. Mirnov, Gulay Oke
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 35 | Number 1 | January 1999 | Pages 215-217
Oral Presentations | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A11963854
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The marginal stability of MHD modes is discussed in application for high beta multiple mirror experiments planned at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. Flute modes arc dangerous in axisymmetric systems with β < 1. In the case of “wall confined” plasmas, (β ≫ 1), pressure slightly varies along the radius providing less radial gradient and more stability against MHD modes. Effect of ion-ion viscosity becomes important in corrugated magnetic field. It results in the reduction of the growth rate by a factor β1/2. In the process of start up and plasma heating β < 1. If flute modes are stabilized during this period by the line-tying mechanizm ballooning modes are still unstable when β > βcr. A very low ballooning margin is predicted in multiple mirror with the large number of cells: βcr < π2 /N2. For the number of cells N ≃ 10: βcr ≃ 5%. Results of the calculations are discussed in the context of old and new multiple mirror experiments.
