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Fusion Science and Technology
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
K. A. McCarthy, D. A. Petti, W. J. Carmack, S. V. Gorman
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 34 | Number 3 | November 1998 | Pages 728-732
Safety and Environment | doi.org/10.13182/FST98-A11963700
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Tokamak dust is an important contributor to the source term in ITER safety analyses. In this paper we present results of R&D at the INEEL and North Carolina State University to characterize tokamak dust. These results were used to set safety limits on dust for ITER. We present the results of analysis of particulate collected from three operating tokamaks: DIII-D at General Atomics, TFTR at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, and Alcator C-MOD at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and analysis of particulate produced in SIRENS, a disruption simulator at North Carolina State University. Analyses done include characterization of particulate to produce particle size distributions, chemical analysis, and measurement of effective surface area. The safety limits on dust in ITER have evolved during the EDA as more data have become available. The safety limits specified in NSSR-2 envelope the majority of the data, and provide conservatism to account for the uncertainty in extrapolation of the data to ITER.
