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The division provides a forum for focused technical dialogue on thermal hydraulic technology in the nuclear industry. Specifically, this will include heat transfer and fluid mechanics involved in the utilization of nuclear energy. It is intended to attract the highest quality of theoretical and experimental work to ANS, including research on basic phenomena and application to nuclear system design.
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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
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Fusion Science and Technology
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Jürgen Uhlenbusch
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 33 | Number 2 | March 1998 | Pages 345-354
Diagnostics | doi.org/10.13182/FST98-A11947027
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The objective of laser-aided edge diagnostics is closely connected with plasma wall interaction processes. Thus at first a short description of the plasma regions near first wall, limiter or divertor and the most important quantities and processes to be evaluated there is given. A very important technique to measure electron densities and temperatures in the edge is Thomson scattering. Collective scattering represents a useful method to quantify fluctuations of electron density and their relation to particle and energy transport. To detect neutral particles and ions after their release from the wall and during recycling phases laser induced fluorescence (LIF) is a well established technique. Future applications of laser diagnostics as two-photon scattering and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) are discussed.
IV. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
The most important methods of laser aided edge diagnostics are introduced and a few results of measurements summarized. While Thomson scattering on tokamaks seems to be now a matter of routine with high reliability, LIF techniques still underly restrictions because nearly each atomic species requires its own laser system, often in the VUV. Nevertheless, some progress can be observed with respect to the bandwidth, timing range, wavelength, power, reproducibility, repetition rate etc. It is anticipated that excitation by two-photon absorption develops more and more to a sensitive technique as this is expected from four-wave mixing techniques.