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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Frisch-Peierls memorandum: A seminal document of nuclear history
The Manhattan Project is usually considered to have been initiated with Albert Einstein’s letter to President Franklin Roosevelt in October 1939. However, a lesser-known document that was just as impactful on wartime nuclear history was the so-called Frisch-Peierls memorandum. Prepared by two refugee physicists at the University of Birmingham in Britain in early 1940, this manuscript was the first technical description of nuclear weapons and their military, strategic, and ethical implications to reach high-level government officials on either side of the Atlantic. The memorandum triggered the initiation of the British wartime nuclear program, which later merged with the Manhattan Engineer District.
B. Jenko, A. Paulin
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 20 | Number 4 | December 1991 | Pages 879-882
Magnetic Fusion Reactors/Beam-Driven Systems | doi.org/10.13182/FST91-A11946953
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An intense current in a hypothetical superconducting ring wire creates circular symmetric magnetic field. The calculation of such a field is performed numerically. Complete elliptic integrals of the first and second kind with modulus “k” approaching unity in the vicinity of the current carrying wire are used. The trajectories of charged particles moving along the current carrying wire are calculated neglecting space charge effect. With proper parameter selection toroidal magnetic field confines charged particles. Cycloid type trajectories without touching the axial current carrying wire are obtained. Such an arrangement could be used as charged particle beam guiding or storage system.
