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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The Frisch-Peierls memorandum: A seminal document of nuclear history
The Manhattan Project is usually considered to have been initiated with Albert Einstein’s letter to President Franklin Roosevelt in October 1939. However, a lesser-known document that was just as impactful on wartime nuclear history was the so-called Frisch-Peierls memorandum. Prepared by two refugee physicists at the University of Birmingham in Britain in early 1940, this manuscript was the first technical description of nuclear weapons and their military, strategic, and ethical implications to reach high-level government officials on either side of the Atlantic. The memorandum triggered the initiation of the British wartime nuclear program, which later merged with the Manhattan Engineer District.
M. J. Alava, S. J. Karttunen, R. R. E. Salomaa
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 20 | Number 4 | December 1991 | Pages 873-878
Magnetic Fusion Reactors/Beam-Driven Systems | doi.org/10.13182/FST91-A11946952
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Tokamak reactors burning advanced fuels must operate at high plasma densities and temperatures. Under these conditions large bootstrap currents can be generated with modest externally driven seed currents. Large total currents give rise to long energy confinement times and a safe ignition margin. The paper discusses high pressure DT–, DD– and D3He–tokamak reactor concepts based on the bootstrap drive of the toroidal current.
