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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Seong Dae Park, Dong Won Lee, Dong Jun Kim, Seungyon Cho
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 72 | Number 4 | November 2017 | Pages 801-806
Technical Note | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1347467
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The helium cooled ceramic reflector (HCCR) test blanket module (TBM) has been designed to be installed in ITER and to verify the tritium production and the heat extraction in Korea. Lithium, beryllium, and graphite are used as a breeder, a neutron multiplier, and a reflector, respectively, which called as breeding zone (BZ) including cooling plate. The BZ was operated with the highest temperature in the TBM due to the nucler heating not only in breeding material but also structure. The margin to the allowable temperature for the breeder is very small in the current conceptual design of HCCR TBM. In the present study, feasible methods were investigated to lower the maximum temperature of the BZ. The thermal resistance and the effect of each factor were studied with a conventional CFD code, ANSYS-CFX v14.5. It is found that the thermal resistance related to the pebble beds layer was main factor to determine the breeder temperature, and the installation of the cooling fins could reduce the heat transfer resistance and lower the maximum temperature of breeder about 80°C.