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This division promotes the development and timely introduction of fusion energy as a sustainable energy source with favorable economic, environmental, and safety attributes. The division cooperates with other organizations on common issues of multidisciplinary fusion science and technology, conducts professional meetings, and disseminates technical information in support of these goals. Members focus on the assessment and resolution of critical developmental issues for practical fusion energy applications.
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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
F. Albajar, M. Bornatici, F. Engelmann, A. B. Kukushkin
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 55 | Number 1 | January 2009 | Pages 76-83
Technical Paper | Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating | doi.org/10.13182/FST09-A4055
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The codes SNECTR, CYTRAN, CYNEQ, and EXACTEC are compared in view of the calculation of the profile of the net electron cyclotron (EC) wave power density emitted for different electron temperature profiles and average temperatures of relevance for reactor-grade magnetoplasmas. The effects of either specularly or diffusely reflecting walls are assessed for a cylindrical plasma with circular cross-section, specular reflection, as assumed in EXACTEC, providing a lower bound to the net EC wave power losses in the hot plasma core (and therefore, as a rule, also to the total EC power loss) as well as to reabsorption in the edge plasma. The assumption of isotropy of the radiation intensity in the plasma that is adopted in both CYTRAN and CYNEQ (which cannot be justified a priori) is discussed and found to be adequate for strong diffuse reflection. However, it overestimates the net EC power loss in the plasma core for weakly as well as for specularly reflecting walls by up to 20%. The full transport code SNECTR (no longer in active use), for specular reflection, and the exact cylindrical code EXACTEC are in excellent agreement with each other while for strong diffuse reflection EXACTEC is found to underestimate the net EC power loss typically by 20%. EXACTEC, CYTRAN, and CYNEQ are confirmed to be well suited for use in systematic transport simulations of fusion plasmas.