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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Greg Staack, Yung-Sung Cheng, Yue Zhou, Tom LaBone
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 71 | Number 4 | May 2017 | Pages 570-574
Technical Note | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1291041
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Samples of tritiated LaNi4.15Al0.85 (LANA.85) and 13X zeolite were analyzed to obtain particle size distributions and tritium evolution rates in a simulated lung environment. This information was used to calculate intake-to-dose conversion factors (DCFs), which estimate the committed effective dose (CED) a worker would receive after inhaling either tritiated particulate. The DCFs for tritiated LANA.85 and 13X particulate with a default activity mean aerodynamic diameter (AMAD) of 5 μm were determined to be 1.01E-11 Sv/Bq and 1.11E-11 Sv/Bq, respectively. These results are comparable to that of HTO, 1.8E-11 Sv/Bq, indicating that urine bioassay results can conservatively estimate the dose delivered if the worker was exposed to any mixture of HTO, LANA.85, or 13X.
