ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Division Spotlight
Fusion Energy
This division promotes the development and timely introduction of fusion energy as a sustainable energy source with favorable economic, environmental, and safety attributes. The division cooperates with other organizations on common issues of multidisciplinary fusion science and technology, conducts professional meetings, and disseminates technical information in support of these goals. Members focus on the assessment and resolution of critical developmental issues for practical fusion energy applications.
Meeting Spotlight
2027 ANS Winter Conference and Expo
October 31–November 4, 2027
Washington, DC|The Westin Washington, DC Downtown
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Nov 2024
Jul 2024
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
December 2024
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
November 2024
Latest News
Disney World should have gone nuclear
There is extra significance to the American Nuclear Society holding its annual meeting in Orlando, Florida, this past week. That’s because in 1967, the state of Florida passed a law allowing Disney World to build a nuclear power plant.
Dai-Kai Sze, The ARIES Team
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 26 | Number 3 | November 1994 | Pages 1061-1068
Fusion Blanket, Shield, and Neutronic Technology | Proceedings of the Eleventh Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy New Orleans, Louisiana June 19-23, 1994 | doi.org/10.13182/FST94-A40295
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A series of reactor design studies based on the Tokamak configuration have been carried out under the direction of Professor Robert Conn of UCLA. They are called ARIES-I through IV. The key mission of these studies is to evaluate the attractiveness of fusion assuming different degrees of advancement in either physics or engineering development. This paper discusses the directions and conclusions of the blanket and related engineering systems for those design studies. ARIES-I investigated the use of SiC composite as the structural material to increase the blanket temperature and reduce the blanket activation. Li2ZrO3 was used as the breeding material due to its high temperature stability and good tritium recovery characteristics. To reduce the activation caused by the using of Zr, isotopic tailoring is required. Also, W was selected as the divertor target. The activation caused by the Zr and W, even with isotopic tailoring, reduced the safety advantage for the SiC blanket. The ARIES-IV is a modification of ARIES-I. The plasma was in the second stability regime. Li2O was used as the breeding material to remove Zr. A gaseous divertor was used to replace the conventional divertor so that high Z divertor target is not required. We investigated the possibility of breeding without the use of Be. However, tritium self sufficiency could not be assured with the uncertainties in the neutronic data. The safety advantage of ARIES-IV was enhanced by the removal of the high activation materials. The physics of ARIES-II was the same as ARIES-IV. The engineering design of the ARIES-II was based on a self-cooled lithium blanket with a V-alloy as the structural material. Even though it was assumed that the plasma was in the second stability regime, the plasma beta was still rather low (3.4%). To achieve an acceptable neutron wall loading, the magnetic field is rather high. This put an extra burden on a self-cooled liquid metal blanket. It was determined that a self-cooled lithium blanket with bare walls was not acceptable for a reactor with ARIES-II type parameters. Therefore, an insulating coating is required to assure an acceptable design window to reduce the MHD pressure drop. The ARIES-III is an advanced fuel (D-3He) tokamak reactor. The reactor design assumed major advancement on the physics, with a plasma beta of 23.9%. A conventional structural material is acceptable due to the low neutron wall loading. From the radiation damage point of view, the first wall can last the life of the reactor, which is expected to be a major advantage from the engineering design and waste disposal point of view. Organic coolant was selected as the reactor coolant to reduce the operating temperature compared to He, and to reduce the coolant pressure and improve thermal efficiency compared to water. However, the use of organic coolant raised safety and decomposition concerns.