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September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Sandro Sandri, Dan Gabriel Cepraga, Sergio Ciattaglia, Gilio Cambi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 26 | Number 3 | November 1994 | Pages 978-982
Tritium Technology, Safety, Environment, and Remote Maintenance | Proceedings of the Eleventh Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy New Orleans, Louisiana June 19-23, 1994 | doi.org/10.13182/FST94-A40281
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In this paper a preliminary evaluation of the Occupational Radiation Exposure (ORE) of the personnel involved in working activities on sections of the ITER primary cooling systems (PCS) is presented. The analysis has been restricted to the primary cooling circuits of the first wall (FW) and of the shielding blanket (SB). The radioisotopes produced by activation in the pipe's material surfaces are identified using the available works and data, their amount is obtained with suitable computer codes. The calculation is performed using the combination of a 1-D discrete ordinate code and activation codes. The corrosion/erosion problem is faced with two different approaches: a simplified model with steady state conditions and a computer code that evaluates the non-homogeneous distribution of the activated corrosion products (ACP) in the cooling circuit. The ORE is assessed for some working activities considering the direct irradiation from the ACP and the average distance of the workers from the cooling circuit. The results presented in the paper are useful in order to address experiments needed to evaluate the main unknown parameters for the ACP evaluation and then to design the primary cooling circuits. Furthermore the work outlines a methodological procedure and presents some preliminary results for the ORE assessment at the PCS of a fusion plant like ITER.
