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Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
J. Hosea, J. H. Adler, P. Alling, C. Ancher, H. Anderson, J.L. Anderson,a) J.W. Anderson, V. Arunasalam, G. Ascione, D. Ashcroft, C.W. Barnes,a) G. Barnes, S. Batha,b) M.G. Bell, R. Bell, M. Bitter, W. Blanchard, N.L. Bretz, C. Brunkhorst, R. Budny, T. Burgess,c) H. Bush,e) C.E. Bush,c) R. Camp, M. Caorlin, H. Carnevale, S. Cauffman, Z. Chang,f) C.Z. Cheng, J. Chrzanowski, J. Collins, G. Coward, M. Cropper, D.S. Darrow, R. Daugert, J. DeLooper, H. Duong,h) L. Dudek, R. Durst,f) P.C. Efthimion, D. Ernst,d) J. Faunce, R. Fisher, R.J. Fonck,f) E, Fredd, E. Fredrickson, N. Fromm, G.Y. Fu, H.P. Furth, V. Garzotto, C. Gentile, G. Gettelfinger, J. Gilbert, J. Gioia, T. Golian, N. Gorelenkov,i) B. Grek, L.R. Grisham, G. Hammett, G.R. Hanson,c) R.J. Hawryluk, W. Heidbrink,j) H.W. Herrmann, K.W. Hill, H. Hsuan, A. Janos, D.L. Jassby, F.C. Jobes, D.W. Johnson, L.C. Johnson, J. Kamperschroer, J. Kesner,d) H. Kugel, S. Kwon,e) G. Labik, N.T. Lam,f) P.H. LaMarche, E. Lawson, B. LeBlanc, M. Leonard, J. Levine, F.M. Levinton,b) D. Loesser, D. Long, M.J. Loughlin,k) J. Machuzak,d) D.K. Mansfield, M. Marchlik,e) E. S. Marmar,d) R. Marsala, A. Martin, G. Martin, V. Mastrocola, E. Mazzucato, R. Majeski, M. Mauel,l) M.P. McCarthy, B. McCormack, D.C. McCune, K.M. McGuire, D.M. Meade, S.S. Medley, D.R. Mikkelsen, S.L. Milora,c) D. Mueller, M. Murakami,c) J.A. Murphy, A. Nagy, G.A. Navratil,l) R. Nazikian, R. Newman, T. Nishitani,m) M. Norris, T. O'Connor, M. Oldaker, J. Ongena,n) M. Osakabe,o) D.K. Owens, H. Park, W. Park, S.F. Paul, Yu.I. Pavlov,p) G. Pearson, F. Perkins, E. Perry, R. Persing, M. Petrov,q) C.K. Phillips, S. Pitcher,r) S. Popovichev,p) R. Pysher, A.L. Qualls,c) S. Raftopoulos, R. Ramakrishnan, A. Ramsey, D.A. Rasmussen,c) M.H. Redi, G. Renda, G. Rewoldt, D. Roberts,f) J. Rogers, R. Rossmassler, A.L. Roquemore, E. Ruchov,j) S.A. Sabbagh,l) M. Sasao,o) G. Schilling, J. Schivell, G.L. Schmidt, R. Scillia, S.D. Scott, T. Senko, R. Sissingh, C. Skinner, J. Snipes,d) P. Snook, J. Stencel, J. Stevens, T. Stevenson, B.C. Stratton, J.D. Strachan, W. Stodiek, E. Synakowski, W. Tang, G. Taylor, J. Terry,d) M.E. Thompson, J.R. Timberlake, H.H. Towner, A. von Halle, C. Vannoy, R. Wester, R. Wieland, J.B. Wilgen,c) M. Williams, J.R. Wilson, J. Winston, K. Wright, D. Wong,r) K.L. Wong, P. Woskov,d) G.A. Wurden,a) M. Yamada, A. Yeun,r) S. Yoshikawa, K.M. Young, M.C. Zarnstorff, S.J. Zweben
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 26 | Number 3 | November 1994 | Pages 389-398
Magnetic Fusion Experiment | Proceedings of the Eleventh Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy New Orleans, Louisiana June 19-23, 1994 | doi.org/10.13182/FST94-A40191
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The deuterium-tritium (D-T) experimental program on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) is underway and routine tritium operations have been established. The technology upgrades made to the TFTR facility have been demonstrated to be sufficient for supporting both operations and maintenance for an extended D-T campaign. To date fusion power has been increased to ∼9 MW and several physics results of importance to the D-T reactor regime have been obtained: electron temperature, ion temperature, and plasma stored energy all increase substantially in the D-T regime relative to the D-D regime at the same neutral beam power and comparable limiter conditioning; possible alpha electron heating is indicated and energy confinement improvement with average ion mass is observed; and alpha particle losses appear to be classical with no evidence of TAE mode activity up to the PFUS ∼ 6 MW level. Instability in the TAE mode frequency range has been observed at PFUS > 7 MW and its effect on performance is under investigation. Preparations are underway to enhance the alpha particle density further by increasing fusion power and by extending the neutral beam pulse length to permit alpha particle effects of relevance to the ITER regime to be more fully explored.
