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ANS Student Conference 2025
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Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
T. Uckan, N. A. Uckan
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 8 | Number 1 | July 1985 | Pages 1664-1669
Magnet Engineering | Proceedings of the Sixth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy (San Francisco, California, March 3-7, 1985) | doi.org/10.13182/FST85-A39999
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
There exist two separate and independent magnetic field asymmetries in the ELMO Bumpy Square (EBS). One is associated with the small perturbations in the magnetic field, known as the field errors, caused by coil misalignments during installation, imperfection in coil winding, etc. The second source of asymmetry is the magnetic field ripple in the high-field toroidal solenoids (corners) produced by the finiteness of the number of coils. In general, these two sources of asymmetry introduce enhanced transport losses (in addition to other effects) to the system, although they affect different classes of particles. Toroidally passing (circulating) particles (v‖/v ∼ 1) are influenced by the field errors, whereas trapped particles (v‖/v ∼ 0) in the corners are influenced by the field ripple. In this paper we discuss these two effects separately and calculate the allowable magnitudes of the field error and field ripple in EBS, both for an experimental-size device and for a reactor.
