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Fusion Science and Technology
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
L. C. Carlson, M. A. Johnson, T. L. Bunn
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 70 | Number 2 | August-September 2016 | Pages 141-153
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST15-248
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Topographical modifications of spherical surfaces are imprinted on National Ignition Facility target capsules by extending the capabilities of a recently developed full-surface (4π) laser ablation and mapping apparatus. The laser ablation method combines the precision, energy density, and long reach of a focused laser beam to preimpose sinusoidal modulations on the outside surface of high-density carbon capsules and the inside surface of glow discharge polymer capsules. Sinusoidal modulations described in this paper have submicron to tens of microns vertical scale and wavelengths as small as 30 μm and as large as 200 μm. The modulated patterns are created by rastering a focused laser fired at discrete capsule surface locations for a specified number of pulses. The computer program developed to create these raster patterns uses inputs such as the laser beam intensity profile, the material removal function, the starting surface figure, and the desired surface figure. The patterns are optimized to minimize surface roughness. In this paper, simulated surfaces are compared with actual ablated surfaces measured using confocal microscopy.