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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
R. Coelho, S. Matejcik, P. McCarthy, E. P. Suchkov, F. S. Zaitsev, EU-IM Team, ASDEX Upgrade Team
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 69 | Number 3 | May 2016 | Pages 611-619
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST15-177
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An important direction of fusion research is the reconstruction of plasma equilibrium from measurements. Most of the plasma modeling codes and plasma control systems use equilibrium data on input. Therefore, the accuracy of reconstructions plays a crucial role in fundamental understanding of processes in present-day devices and fusion reactors. The results of previous research show that one can get substantially different reconstructions of plasma current densities and safety factors, which fit the measurements even within a relatively small inaccuracy. So, rigorous calculation of the reconstructed function error bars is required. This paper presents new advances in formulation of the equilibrium reconstruction problem for the epsilon-net (ε-net) framework, describes application of the ε-net technique for rigorous calculation of the reconstruction error bars and its implementation in the European Integrated Modeling (EU-IM) platform, and gives examples of error bar evaluation for ASDEX Upgrade concentrating on the plasma pressure constraint analysis.