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Thermal Hydraulics
The division provides a forum for focused technical dialogue on thermal hydraulic technology in the nuclear industry. Specifically, this will include heat transfer and fluid mechanics involved in the utilization of nuclear energy. It is intended to attract the highest quality of theoretical and experimental work to ANS, including research on basic phenomena and application to nuclear system design.
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ANS Student Conference 2025
April 3–5, 2025
Albuquerque, NM|The University of New Mexico
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Fusion Science and Technology
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Dongxun Zhang, Wei Liu, Yuan Qian, Ji Que
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 67 | Number 3 | April 2015 | Pages 681-684
Proceedings of TRITIUM 2013 | doi.org/10.13182/FST14-T109
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Tritium was generated by the interaction of neutrons with the lithium and beryllium in the molten salt reactors (MSRs), which use Flibe as one of solvents of fluoride fuel. Tritium as by-product in the MSRs would be an important safety issue because it could easily diffuse through high temperature heat exchangers into environment. The experimental technique of gas driven permeation was used to investigate the transport parameter of hydrogen in Hastelloy C-276 which was considered as one of the candidate structure materials. The measurements were carried out at the temperature range of 400-800°C with hydrogen loading pressures ranging from 5×103 to 4×104 Pa. The H diffusive transport parameters for Hastelloy C-276 followed an Arrhenius law in this temperature range and were decreased due to the existence of the alloying elements compared with Ni201. The possible reason may be the trapping effects, which were formed by the alloying elements of Mo and Cr in the matrix. At the same time, the thin oxidation layer formed by the high Cr content could lead to the slower dissociation process of H2 at the surface.