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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
D. C. Wilson, P. A. Bradley, S. R. Goldman, N. M. Hoffman, R. W. Margevicius, R. B. Stephens, R.E.Olson
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 38 | Number 1 | July 2000 | Pages 16-21
Technical Paper | Thirteenth Target Fabrication Specialists’ Meeting | doi.org/10.13182/FST00-A36109
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Recent beryllium capsule designs have focussed on the lower temperatures and laser powers expected before the NIF laser reaches its full capability, 192 beams, 500TW, and 1.8MJ. First, several new designs are given with peak radiation temperatures for 250 to 280 eV. A 250eV design uses 2% oxygen dopant instead of 0.9% copper. Second, a radiography study of planar joints in S200D beryllium using a Cu, Au, Ag, Al, or Au/Cu braze quantified the diffusion away from the joint. LASNEX calculations show that Cu joint perturbations grow to large enough amplitude to preclude ignition. However by allowing the copper to diffuse twice as far as in these experiments (e.g. by holding at braze temperature longer), the joint calculates to be acceptable, and the capsule gives full yield. Aluminum diffuses extremely far from the joint, almost uniformly in the sample. Third, a capsule with a high Z shell and beryllium ablator calculates to ignite. As expected its ignition threshold is lower, about 70% of the implosion velocity for a capsule like the Be330. The extra tamping of DT bum by a 6 μm tungsten shell increases the yield from 17 to 32 MJ. The capsule radiates 3 MJ of this yield as X-rays. Unfortunately the capsule is more sensitive to DT ice roughness than the Be330 design, failing at 0.6μm roughness.