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Fusion Science and Technology
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Olaf Neubauer, Friedrich Hugo Bohn, Alexander Chudnovskij, Bert Giesen, Paul Hüttemann, Martin Lochter
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 31 | Number 2 | March 1997 | Pages 154-158
Technical Paper | Magnet System | doi.org/10.13182/FST97-A30817
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The results of the poloidal field (PF) coil efficiency measurements and the values for stray field compensation during premagnetization are presented. The results have been verified by field calculations and compared with plasma breakdown experiments. Determination of the vertical field in the plasma center produced by PF coils is essential for the definition of breakdown conditions and for the control of the horizontal plasma position and of the plasma shape in tokamaks. The electron beam technique has been chosen for the measurements, providing sufficient precision and visibility. Magnetic field lines became visible due to the effect of electron movement in a magnetic field and light emission in a gas. Vertical fields were determined from the measured toroidal field and vertical electron beam displacements. Precise determination of the values for the stray field compensation was achieved by detection of very low stray fields from the deflection of the electron beam.
