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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Frisch-Peierls memorandum: A seminal document of nuclear history
The Manhattan Project is usually considered to have been initiated with Albert Einstein’s letter to President Franklin Roosevelt in October 1939. However, a lesser-known document that was just as impactful on wartime nuclear history was the so-called Frisch-Peierls memorandum. Prepared by two refugee physicists at the University of Birmingham in Britain in early 1940, this manuscript was the first technical description of nuclear weapons and their military, strategic, and ethical implications to reach high-level government officials on either side of the Atlantic. The memorandum triggered the initiation of the British wartime nuclear program, which later merged with the Manhattan Engineer District.
H.Kapulla, R.Heine
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 28 | Number 3 | October 1995 | Pages 1020-1025
Analysis and Accountancy | Proceedings of the Fifth Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology In Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications Belgirate, Italy May 28-June 3, 1995 | doi.org/10.13182/FST95-A30540
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
For the tritium assay at the Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe (TLK) which started operation in Nov. 94 an isothermal shield calorimeter was built. The calibration of the calorimeter was performed with an electrically heated simulator covering the range between 1 mW and about 2 W. After the calibration tritium activities in four Amersham uranium getter containers were determined The excellent reproducibility and high precision of the measurements with the KfK-calorimeter was shown.The tritium activity inventories could be determined with relative standard deviations from the average value of the order of 0.01% to 0.1% depending on the activity level.These results demonstrate the suitability of the KfK-calorimeter as a nondestructive method for a careful assay of tritium.
