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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
A. El-Azab, N. M. Ghoniem
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 26 | Number 4 | December 1994 | Pages 1250-1264
Technical Paper | Material Engineering | doi.org/10.13182/FST94-A30310
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Experimental data on irradiation-induced dimensional changes and creep in beta-silicon carbide (SiC) and SiC fibers are analyzed with the objective of studying the constitutive behavior of these materials under high-temperature irradiation. The data analysis includes the empirical representation of irradiation-induced dimensional changes in an SiC matrix and SiC fibers as functions of time and irradiation temperature. The analysis also includes the formulation of simple scaling laws to extrapolate the existing data to fusion conditions on the basis of the physical mechanisms of radiation effects on crystalline solids. Inelastic constitutive equations are then developed for SCS-6 SiC fibers, Nicalon fibers, and chemical vapor deposition SiC. The effects of applied stress, temperature, and irradiation fields on the deformation behavior of this class of materials are simultaneously represented. Numerical results are presented for the relevant creep functions under the conditions of the fusion reactor (ARIES IV) first wall. The developed equations can be used in estimating the macromechanical properties of SiC-SiC composite systems as well as in performing a time-dependent micromechanical analysis that is relevant to slow crack growth and fiber pullout under fusion conditions.
