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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Nancy Ma, John Walker, Tess Moon, Thanh Hua, Basil Picologlou
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 25 | Number 4 | July 1994 | Pages 398-410
Technical Paper | Blanket Engineering | doi.org/10.13182/FST94-A30246
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow in a pair of finite-length, parallel, equal-area square ducts, connected to single rectangular ducts upstream and downstream is examined. Each duct has a different liner with a thin sheet of metal that is in contact with the coolant and that is electrically insulated from structural walls and from other duct liners, except at the junctions. The objective is to concentrate most of the flow in one of the two parallel ducts by making its metal wall much thinner than that of its neighbor, so that its MHD resistance to flow is smaller. Flow ratios approaching ten are obtained with typical values of the wall conductance ratios, which are proportional to the wall thicknesses. The flow at the entrance is complex, with some flow entering the low-velocity duct and then returning to the entrance, where it swirls around the upstream edge of the common wall to enter the high-velocity duct. The balance between three-dimensional and fully developed pressure drops is investigated as a function of the distance between the entrance and the exit of the parallel ducts.