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Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Tatsuhiko Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji Naruse
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 21 | Number 2 | March 1992 | Pages 436-441
Safety; Measurement and Accountability; Operation and Maintenance; Application | doi.org/10.13182/FST92-A29784
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
To study application of laser Raman spectroscopy for fusion fuel gas analysis by an in situ method, methane (CH4) and tritium (T2) mixed gases were measured. In the mixed gases, hydrogen isotope exchange reactions were induced by beta decay, and various isotopic hydrogens and methanes were produced. Spectral peaks of v1 and v3 bands were detected individually for CH4 and four tritiated methanes. The v1 bands between 1700–1900 cm−1 were selected as suitable ones for quantitative analysis. After mixing T2 and CH4 gases, while large amounts of tritiated methanes were produced as time lapsed, the equilibrium state was not reached by the time 1000 h had passed. It was presumed that the isotope exchange reactions were very slow compared to mixed gases of just hydrogen isotopes.