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The Frisch-Peierls memorandum: A seminal document of nuclear history
The Manhattan Project is usually considered to have been initiated with Albert Einstein’s letter to President Franklin Roosevelt in October 1939. However, a lesser-known document that was just as impactful on wartime nuclear history was the so-called Frisch-Peierls memorandum. Prepared by two refugee physicists at the University of Birmingham in Britain in early 1940, this manuscript was the first technical description of nuclear weapons and their military, strategic, and ethical implications to reach high-level government officials on either side of the Atlantic. The memorandum triggered the initiation of the British wartime nuclear program, which later merged with the Manhattan Engineer District.
Jörg Sapper, Hermann Renner
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 17 | Number 1 | January 1990 | Pages 62-75
Technical Paper | Stellarator System | doi.org/10.13182/FST90-A29171
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The advanced stellarator Wendelstein VII-AS at the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching, Federal Republic of Germany, is a medium-sized experimental machine with the following properties and aims: