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Fusion Science and Technology
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Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
Hideyuki Saitoh, Hirofumi Homma, Youichi Noya, Toshiyuki Ohnishi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 41 | Number 3 | May 2002 | Pages 536-541
Analysis and Monitoring | Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology Tsukuba, Japan November 12-16, 2001 | doi.org/10.13182/FST02-A22647
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Tritium radioluminography was applied to pure vanadium and V-5 mol%Fe alloy to observe the tritium distribution and to evaluate the local tritium concentration in them. It was demonstrated that the tritium distribution at a microscopic area in the specimens was quantitatively and graphically displayed. In the pure vanadium specimen, the local tritium concentration was about three times different depending on the crystal orientation of the grains. The tritium radioactivity of the grains with (001) and (111) orientation are 1 Bq/mm2 and 0.4 Bq/mm2, respectively. These values correspond to the tritium concentration of 15 mol ppb and 6 mol ppb. The difference of the local tritium concentration was attributed to the variety of the morphology of precipitated hydride depending on the crystal orientation of the grains. For the radioactivity recorded in the imaging plate, the component of the X-rays generated from tritium in the specimen was only 2%, i.e., most of the intensity was attributed to the β-rays. In the V-Fe alloy specimen, it was shown that the tritium distribution correlates with iron segregation formed during solidification after the arc melting. The cross sectional observation showed that the local tritium concentration in equilibrium distribution depends on the local iron concentration in the specimen. The local tritium concentration gradually decreases from 115 mol ppb to 70 mol ppb as the iron concentration at the iron segregated region increases from 3 mol% to 4.5 mol%.
