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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
T. Muroga, D. Zhang, T. Tanaka
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 64 | Number 2 | August 2013 | Pages 211-215
Materials Development | Proceedings of the Twentieth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy (TOFE-2012) (Part 1), Nashville, Tennessee, August 27-31, 2012 | doi.org/10.13182/FST13-A18078
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Previous studies by the authors showed that hydrogen permeation reduction factor (PRF) of Er2O3 coating on ferritic steels by Metal Organic Decomposition (MOD) depends on the Cr level of the substrate steels and the annealing conditions. The reason of the dependence was attributed to the composition of the oxide layer formed beneath the coating. The PRF was shown to be larger when Cr2O3 layer was formed than when Fe2O3 layer was formed. This paper reports further investigation of the effect of temperature and oxygen partial pressure of the annealing on the composition of the oxide layer. A diffusion modeling of Cr and O was performed to account for the experimental data. The results showed that the data can be well explained assuming that Cr2O3 layer is formed when supply of Cr exceeds that of O at the substrate surface.
