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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Yong-Sup Choi, HyonJae Park, Taihyeop Lho
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 63 | Number 1 | May 2013 | Pages 221-224
doi.org/10.13182/FST13-A16910
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Evaporation properties of FLiNaK (LiF 46.5 mol% + NaF 11.5% + KF 42 mol%) were investigated with hydrogen plasma interaction. To prevent massive evaporation of molten salt of flowing wall in fusion device, evaporation property of molten salt should be researched. However vapor pressure of FLiNaK has been studied for liquid state without consideration of interaction with plasma. We measured evaporation property of FLiNaK with hydrogen plasma interaction. Vapor component of FLiNaK were detected with OES(Optical Emission Spectroscopy) and RGA(Residual Gas Analyzer). The film deposited on wafer samples were investigated with EDS(Energy Dispersive Spectrometer) to determine vapor component. Hydrogen plasma was generated with 500W ECR source and the molten FLiNaK was contained with heated crucible of diameter of 46mm and depth of 40mm. OES data showed several peaks of total component of FLiNaK. Those were emission lines of F, Li, Na and K. RGA data also showed FLiNaK components with plasma interaction. Without plasma interaction, the deposited film was mostly KF at molten salt temperature of 973K. The components of deposited film during plasma interaction were similar with the original FLiNaK sample. The evaporated mass became higher with plasma interaction while the remained FLiNaK at crucible still hold similar molar percentage. In this paper, plasma-enhanced-evaporation of FLiNaK was qualitatively discussed.
