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Fusion Science and Technology
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
G. I. Dimov, A. V. Ivanov
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 63 | Number 1 | May 2013 | Pages 111-114
doi.org/10.13182/FST13-A16883
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
For neutralization of the H- beams with an energy of 1 MeV, it is reasonable to use plasma targets with the yield of atoms much higher than that in gas targets. The target plasma is proposed to be confined in a magnetic trap with weak longitudinal magnetic field, the inverse plugs and circular multipole walls. Because of conservation of canonical angular momentum in the axially-symmetric system, the longitudinal confinement of particles by inverse plugs is rather hard. Transversal confinement of plasma is rather good. The target plasma is proposed to be generated by the 100-200 eV electrons.A possibility to develop the experimental plasma target with a 10 cm aperture is considered for neutralization of the H- ion beam with a current up to 2 A. A magnetic field is planned to be formed by circular NdFeB magnets and iron screens. Results are given of the computer simulations for the magnetic system and its optimization for the plasma confinement and especially for restriction of its escape through the end wall holes. Numerically calculated trajectories of the ensemble of plasma electrons with various initial coordinates and trajectories of beam ions are given.
