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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Y. Kubota et al. (19P16)
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 51 | Number 2 | February 2007 | Pages 259-261
Technical Paper | Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1368
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The development and optimization of the fueling method enable us to increase and sustain the plasma density. In the present plasma experiments, three major ways, which are gas puff, NBI and pellet injection, are used for particle supply to keep or increase the plasma density. In the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror, the study of particle fueling has been carried out in term of high performance plasma production. In the central cell of GAMMA 10, a pellet injector, a neutral beam injector and some gas puffers have been installed. To clarify the feature of particle fueling method and compare with each other, the calculation with simple slab model is applied to the experimental results, and the effects of the particle fueling method on the plasma parameters are compared experimentally. As the results, it is found that the change of the electron density and H line emission profiles caused by pellet injection has the peak near the center of the plasma and the change of the density and temperature occurs quickly. The change of the plasma parameters caused by the gas puff mainly occurs in the peripheral region of the injection side. And the change of the plasma profiles occurs in core region of the plasma and the plasma temperature is sustained during several ms when the particles are fueled by the neutral beam injection.