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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
U. Shumlak et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 61 | Number 1 | January 2012 | Pages 119-124
Fusion | Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Emerging Nuclear Energy Systems | doi.org/10.13182/FST12-A13407
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The stabilizing effect of a sheared axial flow is investigated in the ZaP Flow Z-pinch experiment at the University of Washington. Long-lived, Z-pinch plasmas are generated that are 100 cm long with a 1 cm radius and exhibit gross stability for many Alfvén transit times. Experimental measurements show a sheared flow profile that is coincident with the quiescent period during which magnetic fluctuations are diminished. The flow shear is generated with flow speeds less than the Alfvén speed. While the electrodes contact the ends of the Z-pinch, the surrounding wall is far enough from the plasma that the wall does not affect stability, as is investigated experimentally and computationally. Relations are derived for scaling the plasma to high energy density and to a fusion reactor. The sheared flow stabilized Z-pinch concept provides a compact linear system.