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This division promotes the development and timely introduction of fusion energy as a sustainable energy source with favorable economic, environmental, and safety attributes. The division cooperates with other organizations on common issues of multidisciplinary fusion science and technology, conducts professional meetings, and disseminates technical information in support of these goals. Members focus on the assessment and resolution of critical developmental issues for practical fusion energy applications.
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ANS Student Conference 2025
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
Xinggui Long, Gang Huang, Shuming Peng, Jianhua Liang, Benfu Yang
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 60 | Number 4 | November 2011 | Pages 1568-1571
Interaction with Materials | Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology (Part 2) | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A12733
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The p-c-T curves of D2 and T2 absorption by Ti and Zr were measured. there are one plateau at temperature below 300 °C and two plateaus at temperature range of 500~600 °C for Ti but one plateau below 525°C and two plateaus above 525°C for Zr. The thermodynamic parameters on different phases were determined and there are obvious thermodynamic isotope effects. The lag effect was not observed for Ti but its existent for Zr. The kinetic p-t curves of absorption were investigated at different temperature ranges and then the rate constants are calculated. The results show that the rate constants increase with raising temperature for Ti but decrease for Zr. The activation energy values are (110.2±3.0), (155.7±3.2) kJ.mol-1 respectively for Ti and (-25.9±0.7), (-6.8±0.8) kJ.mol-1 for Zr. The kinetic p-t curves of desorption were investigated too and the activation energy of desorption are (42.3±1.9), (62.1±1.6) kJ.mol-1 respectively for Ti and (40.1±0.8), (57.7±1.6) kJ.mol-1 for Zr. So there are remarkable kinetic isotope effects for Ti, Zr.
