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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
M. Kaneko, S. Kobayashi, Y. Suzuki, T. Mizuuchi, K. Nagasaki, H. Okada, Y. Nakamura, K. Hnatani, S. Murakami, K. Kondo, F. Sano
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 50 | Number 3 | October 2006 | Pages 428-433
Technical Paper | Stellarators | doi.org/10.13182/FST06-A1265
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In the Heliotron J device, the configuration effects on the particle confinement are studied experimentally with tangentially injected neutral beams and a charge-exchange (CX) neutral particle analyzer (NPA) system. The hydrogen neutral beam are co-injected into deuterium plasmas heated by electron cyclotron heating. The detected CX flux increases, as the CX-NPA is oriented to the beam-facing direction. The behavior of the CX flux is studied by changing one of the Fourier components in the magnetic field, the bumpiness component, B04/B00, from 0.01 to 0.15. Here, Bmn is the Fourier component of the magnetic field strength in the Boozer coordinates where the subscript m/n denotes poloidal/toroidal mode numbers. The dependence of the CX flux on the configurations and pitch angle, which represents the change of the loss cone shape predicted by noncollisional orbit calculation, is observed. The bulk deuterium temperature slightly increases with increasing the bumpiness component. The decay time of the CX flux just after the neutral beam is turned off becomes longer with increasing the bumpiness component. By comparison of observation and calculation of the Fokker-Planck equation, the loss time of fast ions in the high-bumpiness configuration is longer than that of the standard configuration in Heliotron J.
