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Fusion Science and Technology
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General Kenneth Nichols and the Manhattan Project
Nichols
The Oak Ridger has published the latest in a series of articles about General Kenneth D. Nichols, the Manhattan Project, and the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. The series has been produced by Nichols’ grandniece Barbara Rogers Scollin and Oak Ridge (Tenn.) city historian David Ray Smith. Gen. Nichols (1907–2000) was the district engineer for the Manhattan Engineer District during the Manhattan Project.
As Smith and Scollin explain, Nichols “had supervision of the research and development connected with, and the design, construction, and operation of, all plants required to produce plutonium-239 and uranium-235, including the construction of the towns of Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. The responsibility of his position was massive as he oversaw a workforce of both military and civilian personnel of approximately 125,000; his Oak Ridge office became the center of the wartime atomic energy’s activities.”
J. Kißlinger, T. Andreeva
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 50 | Number 3 | October 2006 | Pages 382-386
Technical Paper | Stellarators | doi.org/10.13182/FST06-A1259
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The superconducting magnet system of Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) consists of five identical field periods (modules). Magnetic field errors arise if the modules are not exactly identical. Even small deviations in the coil shapes of the same type or misalignments of coils or modules break the periodicity of the system and cause error field components.Simulation of the magnetic field perturbations that are expected has been done by the analysis of existing winding packages and statistical extrapolations of inaccuracies expected during assembly steps. A numerical experiment has shown that assembly errors should contribute significantly more than manufacturing errors of individual coils.Compensation of the magnetic field perturbation can be done with the help of the coil adjustment during the assembly or by the individual adjustment of all five modules. Further compensation of field errors is possible with additional coils. The existing control coils in W7-X can be used for error field compensation; however, their efficacy is limited. Therefore, solutions employing normal-conducting trim coils outside the cryostat vessel are also considered here.
