ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Suk-Kwon Kim et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 60 | Number 1 | July 2011 | Pages 161-164
ITER Systems | Proceedings of the Nineteenth Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy (TOFE) (Part 1) | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A12345
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Korean standard mockups with beryllium tile were fabricated to perform the high heat flux test for the qualification test of ITER blanket first wall. These mockups include the 80 mm × 80 mm beryllium armor tiles joined to the CuCrZr heat sink with stainless steel cooling tubes by HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing) technology. The high heat flux tests were performed in the Korea heat load test facility (KoHLT-1) with the averaged surface heat flux of 1.25 MW/m2 by using a graphite heater. Preliminary thermal and mechanical analyses were carried out to simulate the test conditions and to determine the number of cycles for the fatigue lifetime of the mockups. In our KoHLT-1 facility, the normal heat cycle was based on an expected heat flux of 1.25 MW/m2, and each mockup had to endure the 1,000 normal heat cycles in this heat flux in accordance with the mechanical simulation. In the cyclic heat flux tests, the maximum surface temperature of the beryllium tiles was controlled below 400 °C. As a result of these high heat flux tests with the acceptance criteria of the ITER blanket first wall, the manufacturing technologies of the Korean standard mockups will be utilized to develop the tokamak blanket for the international qualification procedure.