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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Norway’s Halden reactor takes first step toward decommissioning
The government of Norway has granted the transfer of the Halden research reactor from the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) to the state agency Norwegian Nuclear Decommissioning (NND). The 25-MWt Halden boiling water reactor operated from 1958 to 2018 and was used in the research of nuclear fuel, reactor internals, plant procedures and monitoring, and human factors.
S. Danani, Hitesh Kumar B. Pandya, P. Vasu, M. E. Austin
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 59 | Number 4 | May 2011 | Pages 651-656
Technical Paper | Sixteenth Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-16) | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A11729
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The electron cyclotron emission measurable from the outboard side of ITER plasmas is estimated. The effects of harmonic overlap and polarization scrambling are reviewed with the aim of assessing the impact of any polarization change that might occur in the collected radiation before the O and X polarizations are separated. It is confirmed that any polarization scrambling occurring during the reflection at the wall would not alter the measured intensities of lower harmonics of either the O or X mode but would affect only the higher harmonics, which are optically thin. For the second-harmonic X mode, the observed intensity in the 300- to 400-GHz range is considerably lower than that of the O polarization. Hence, this frequency range may be particularly vulnerable to any O-to-X polarization change occurring prior to their separation into different transmission channels. It is shown that if the electron temperature Te near the core is to be measured to within 10% accuracy, the above polarization fidelity should also be preserved to within 10% or better. It is suggested that this requirement may have impact on the location of the polarization splitter unit. Further analysis is required to evaluate the error in the calculation of Te profiles from the measured Trad values arising due to uncertainties introduced by any polarization conversion.
