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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
R. J. Jayakumar, S. L. Allen, K. H. Burrell, L. L. Lao, M. A. Makowski, C. C. Petty, D. M. Thomas
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 48 | Number 2 | October 2005 | Pages 852-863
Technical Paper | DIII-D Tokamak | doi.org/10.13182/FST05-A1044
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The measurement of the plasma current profile is crucial to many operating regimes and investigations on the DIII-D tokamak. The measurement is required to obtain accurate equilibria and to accurately calculate stability and transport characteristics of the plasma. The measurement of the profile is also required to obtain the different components of the current to guide efforts on the control of the current profile and experiments toward obtaining steady-state operating regimes. The edge current profile measurement is necessary to understand the formation of edge pedestal and edge-localized modes. The DIII-D tokamak has a three-array, 45-channel motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic to measure the plasma current density and radial electric field. A 32-channel lithium-beam (Li-beam) diagnostic has recently been installed on the DIII-D tokamak for the measurement of edge current density. Both diagnostics measure the current profile from the measurement of the pitch angle of the magnetic field that, in turn, is derived from the orientation angle of polarization of the appropriate neutral beam spectral line. The MSE and the Li-beam diagnostics are described, and some examples of measurements are shown.