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Nuclear supply chain innovation and collaboration: Keeping the nuclear supply chain viable through change
The next nuclear renaissance may be upon us, but with it comes a perfect storm. The industry is unprepared for a surge in demand for goods and services from both the existing light water fleet and the next generation of reactors. We are currently teetering on the edge of severe supply chain issues, but if the nuclear industry can understand the sources of our challenges, we can mitigate them.
S. Imagawa, T. Mito, K. Takahata, S. Yamada, N. Yanagi, H. Chikaraishi, R. Maekawa, H. Tamura, A. Iwamoto, S. Hamaguchi, T. Obana, T. Okamura, Y. Shirai, T. Ise, T. Hamajima, LHD Experiment Group
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 58 | Number 1 | July-August 2010 | Pages 560-570
Chapter 12. Superconducting Magnet System | Special Issue on Large Helical Device (LHD) | doi.org/10.13182/FST10-A10843
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Large Helical Device (LHD) is one of the world's largest superconducting systems. It consists of a pair of pool-cooled helical coils, three pairs of forced-flow-cooled poloidal coils, nine superconducting bus lines, a helium liquefier and refrigerator of 10-kW class, and six dc power supplies. Its stored magnetic energy reaches 0.8 GJ. Availability higher than 99% has been achieved in the long-term continuous operation since the first cooldown in February 1998 owing to the robustness of the systems and to efforts of maintenance and operation. One major problem is shortage of cryogenic stability of the helical coil conductor due to the slow current diffusion into a thick pure aluminum stabilizer. To improve its cryogenic stability by lowering the temperature, a subcooling system was installed before the tenth cooldown. The outlet temperature of the coil was successfully lowered to 3.8 K from 4.4 K of the saturated temperature, and its operation current was increased to 11.6 kA from 11.0 kA. These experiences of modification, maintenance, and operation should be useful for next large superconducting systems.